El Yunque National Forest, located in Puerto Rico, is a tropical rainforest that is home to a diverse array of wildlife, including birds, mammals, and other species. This comprehensive guide will explore the various types of wildlife found in this unique ecosystem.
What Birds Can Be Found in El Yunque National Forest?
El Yunque National Forest is a haven for birdwatchers, with over 42 year-round species and 35 neotropical migratory bird species. Some of the most notable bird species found in El Yunque include:
- Puerto Rican Parrot (Amazona vittata): This critically endangered parrot is endemic to Puerto Rico and is one of the ten rarest birds in the world. It is found in isolated mountain areas, preferring to hunt from lofty perches.
- Puerto Rican Tody (Todus mexicanus): This small, colorful bird is endemic to Puerto Rico and is commonly seen in the forest. It is known for its bright plumage and distinctive call.
- Elfin Woods Warbler (Setophaga angelae): This warbler is a rare and endangered species found only in the mountainous regions of Puerto Rico. It is known for its distinctive song and is often seen in the higher elevations of El Yunque.
What Mammals Can Be Found in El Yunque National Forest?
El Yunque National Forest is home to a variety of mammals, including:
- Puerto Rican Coquí (Eleutherodactylus spp.): This small frog is endemic to Puerto Rico and is found throughout the forest. It is known for its distinctive chirping call and is often seen near water sources.
- Mongooses (Herpestes spp.): Mongooses are non-native invasive species found in El Yunque. They are known for their ability to hunt small animals and are often seen in the forest.
- Manatees (Trichechus spp.): While not directly found in El Yunque National Forest, manatees can be seen in the nearby waters of the Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea. These gentle creatures are often spotted in the coastal areas surrounding the forest.
What Other Wildlife Can Be Found in El Yunque National Forest?
El Yunque National Forest is home to a diverse range of other wildlife, including:
- Lizards: There are about 14 different species of lizards found in El Yunque, including the Puerto Rican Anole (Anolis spp.) and the Green Anole (Anolis carolinensis).
- Insects: The forest is home to a vast array of insects, including ants, beetles, and flies. One research site alone has documented over 1,200 insect species.
What are the Best Viewing Times and Habitats for Wildlife in El Yunque National Forest?
The best time to view wildlife in El Yunque National Forest is during the early morning and late afternoon when the sun is not too intense. The forest’s unique biodiversity is supported by its varied habitats, including:
- Tabonuco Forest: This forest area is dominated by the Tabonuco tree (Dacryodes excelsa) and is home to a variety of birds and mammals.
- Palo Colorado Forest: This forest area is found above 2,500 feet and is dominated by the Palo Colorado tree (Cyrilla racemiflora). It is home to a variety of birds, including the Puerto Rican Parrot.
- Sierra Palm Forest: This forest area is located at 1,970 feet and is dominated by the Sierra Palm tree (Prestoea montana). It is home to a variety of birds and insects.
What is the Most Common Mammal Found in El Yunque National Forest?
The most common mammal found in El Yunque National Forest is the House Mouse (Mus musculus). This small rodent is found throughout the forest and is known for its ability to adapt to different habitats.
References:
- Caribbean Trading. (2017). The Wildlife and Animals of El Yunque Rainforest | Puerto Rico Travel. Retrieved from https://caribbeantrading.com/wildlife-animals-el-yunque-rainforest/
- National Forests. (n.d.). El Yunque National Forest. Retrieved from https://www.nationalforests.org/our-forests/find-a-forest/elyunque-national-forest
- USDA Forest Service. (n.d.). Wildlife Species – El Yunque National Forest – Nature & Science. Retrieved from https://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/elyunque/learning/nature-science/.